Internal-combustion engine



May 27, 1952 J -r 2,593,300

INTERNAL-COMBUSTION ENGINE Filed March 7, 1951 INVENTOR.

J. LEWIS PUTT ATTORNEY Patented May 27, 1 952 UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE IN TERNAL- COIWBUSTION ENGINE J Lewis Putt, Huntington Station, N. Y. Application March 7, 1951, Serial No. 214,257

5 Claims. 1

This invention relates to internal combustion engines. a

An object of this invention is to provide an engine of the character described having means to compress air in the crank case of the engine and to pass such compressed air to the carburetor of the engine.

Another object-of this invention is to provide an engine of the character described having means to take air into the crank case on the up stroke of the piston and to compress air in thecrank case on the down stroke of the piston and .to simultaneously pass the compressed air from the crank case to the carburetor on said down stroke.

.Yet another object of. this invention is to providein an engine of the character described, means to spray lubrication into the crank case in synchronization with the operation of the engine piston.

In accordance with the present invention'air is taken into the crank case by means of an air inlet opening when the piston is on the up stroke. The air inlet opening is controlled by an air intake valve which operates in such a way as to allow the valve opening to open automatically or mechanically or electrically in synchronization with the engine. In accordance with the invention, a passage which leads to the air intake opening is covered by a suitable air filter. When the piston of the engine starts its downward stroke, the air within the crank case is compressed above atmospheric pressure and said air is then forced through the outlet valve, also operated automatically or mechanically or electrically in synchronization with the speed of the engine. The compressed air forced out of the air outlet valve of the crank case enters into the venturi of a carburetor or other vaporizing device for'the engine.

With such apparatus I am able to obtain sufficient quantity of air required for complete combustion of the chamber of the cylinder. The utilization of the downstroke in the cylinder thus affords the opportunity of using the crank case in the manner above described as a compressor and at practically no added expense and without any other axiliary power. This simple arrangement can be adapted easily to the crank case of any cylinder of nearly any kind of internal combustion engine.

The invention may be applied to a four cycle single piston internal combustion engine or to multi piston engines.

Another benefit obtained with my improved 2 apparatus is that'the'pressure 1 created on the down stroke of the cylinder also captures loose vapors, fumes and oil that are present in .the

crank case and they are forced in the carburetor to bring about a more beneficial mixture which is eventually forced into the cylinder to resultin better combustion, and to bring about-agreater degree of economy of operation inthe'engine; At the same time better lubrication'of parts" of the engine will be accomplished.

. sun a further object of this invention is to provide a simple, rugged and durable engine of the character described, which shall be relative-' ly inexpensive to manufacture, sure and positive in operation, and yet practical and efficient to a high degree in use.

Other objects of this invention will in part be obvious and in part hereinafter pointed out.

The invention accordingly consists in the features of construction, combinations of elements, and arrangement of parts which will be exemplified in the construction hereinafter described,

and of which the scope of inventionwill be indicated in the following claims. 7 In the accompanying drawings in which "is shown various illustrative embodiments of this invention; 7' i Fig. 1 is a vertical cross-sectional view of an internal combustion engine embodying the invention;

Fig. 2 is an enlarged cross-sectional view taken on the line 22 of Fig. 1; v

Fig. 3 is a view similar to Fig. l but illustrating a modified construction.

Referring now in detail to the drawings, I0

designates an internal combustion engine em bodying the invention, here shown for the purpose of illustration, in the form of a single cylinder four cycle gasoline engine.

The engine I0 comprises an engine body or casing ll. Said body or casing I I comprises a cylinder. Below the cylinder and extending therefrom is a crank case 13. The crankcase I3 is formed with an air inlet valve opening. I 4 pro.- vided with a valve seat. l5. Extending from the crank case B is a passage [6 communicating with the valve opening I4. Passage It leads to an air filter l1.

The valve opening I4 is preferably horizontally aligned with the crank shaft [9. Said crank case I3 is also formed with an outlet opening 20 in horizontal alignment with the inletopening l4. Said crank case also is formed with a valve -2 M Communicating with the valve opening 20 and valve seat 2i is a passage 22 which leads to the venturi or air inlet end of the engine carburetor 23. The outlet end of the carburetor 23 is connected by a conduit 24 which leads to the fuel inlet opening 25 of the engine.

A fuel inlet pipe 26 is connected to the carburetor 23 in the usual manner.

A butterfly valve 21 is located within the passage 24 to control the passage of fuel mixture to the valve intake 25. A usual fuel intake valve 28 controls the fuel inlet opening 25. The said valve opening 25 is located in the head of the engine. Also in the head of the engine is located the usual exhaust valve 38 which when open permits burnt gases to pass to the usual exhaust manifold 3|. A spark plug 32 may be provided at the head of the cylinder.

Mounted for reciprocation in the cylinder 12 is a piston 35 connected by connecting rod 35 to an offset arm 31 of the crank shaft 19.

The valves 28 and 30 may be controlled by the usual mechanisms which control these valves in synchronization withthe operation of the crank shaft 19. Such construction is well known in the art and is therefore not shown in the drawing.

Slidably mounted in pipe [8 and extending through air inlet opening i4 is a valve stem id on which is mounted a valve 41 adapted to seat on the valve seat [5 for closing the opening L4. The valve stem 45: projects into the crank case and at its inner end is a head 52.

Between the head 42 and the crank casing is a coil compression spring d3 which normally tends to seat the valve member ll on the valve seat l5.

Slidably mounted in pipe 22 and extending through the valve opening 20 is a valve stem 53-. The valve stem carries a valve member 5% which will seat on the valve seat 2!. The valve stem 50 projects into the valve casing 13, and at its inner end is a head 52. Interposed between 3 the head 52 of the crank case is a coil compression spring 53 which normally tends to move the valve member 5| into engagement with the valve seat 2|. On the crank shaft i9 is a cam 54. As

the crank shaft rotates, the valve 54 will alternately move the valve stems) and 5G.

It will now be understood that on the up stroke of the piston 35, the cam 54 will push back the valve stem 40 to unseat valve member ll and open the valve opening (4 so that fresh air may enter the crank case.

On the down stroke of the piston 35, the spring 7 43 will move the valve member All onto the seat member l5, but the cam 54 will push back the valve stem 50 to unseat the valve member 51 to permit air to pass from the crank case through the passage 22 to the carburetor 23.

It will thus be seen that air is taken into the crank case on each up stroke and compressed air from the crank case is passed to the carburetor or other vaporizer on each down stroke.

Means is further provided to spray lubricating oil into the crank casing in synchronization with the movement of the piston 35.

Extending from or attached to the crank case l3 downwardly therefrom is a cylinder 65. Slidably mounted through a suitable opening in the crank case is a piston rod 86 having a head 56a at its upper end adapted to be engaged by the cam 54. At the lower end of the piston rod 66 and located within the cylinder 65 is a piston 6?.

The cylinder 65 has a bottom wall 68 formed with an inlet opening 69 controlled by ball check valve 10 disposed within a cage H. Connected to the inlet opening 69 by means-of aconduit 1 2 is a lubricating oil tank or reservoir 13. Connecting the lower end of the cylinder 65 with the inside of the crank case is a conduit 15. Extending from the conduit 15 and located within the crank case is a spray nozzle It.

interposed between the crank case and the head 61 is a coil compression spring 11 surrounding rod 66, for lifting the piston 6?.

It will now be understood that as piston 61 rises, the ball check valve i5 will open, and lubricating oil will be sucked into the cylinder 65. As the cam 54 presses down on the piston 61 to tension the compression spring 17, the ball check a valve will close, and lubricating oil will be forced through the conduit 15 and through the spray nozzle 16 to spray the interior of the crank case to lubricate the parts. It will thus be seen that a single cam controls valves 4 I, 5| and pump piston 61..

In Fig. 3 there is shown an internal combustion engine lila embodying the invention-and illustrating a modified construction. The engine 100. is similar to the engine It except that the air intake valves and the air outlet valve of the crank casing are operated automatically. Thus engine Illa comprises a cylinder 12a fromwhich extends a crank case 1341.

The crank case 13a is provided with an air inlet opening Ma. controlled by an air inlet poppet valve 89. The air inlet opening I ia communicates through passage 16a toan air filter Ila. Said crank case lSa is also formed with an air'outlet opening 23a controlled by a poppet valve 8|.

The opening 2w connects with a passage 22a extending to the carburetor 23a which in turnis connected by passage 24a to the fuelintake opening 25a controlled by valve 28a, as hereinabove described.

The cylinder also is provided with exhaust manifold 31a controlled by exhaust 30a. Within the passage 24a. is the usual butterfly valve 21a. Also fuel or gasoline is fed to the carburetor 23a through the conduit 26a.

It will now be understood that on the up stroke of the piston 35a the poppet valve 80 will automatically open to allow air to enter the crank case. During such action pressure is reduced in the crank case and the poppet valve 8| will close. On the downstroke of the piston 35a pressure in the crank case rises above atmospheric pressure to close the valve 80 automatically and at the same time to automatically open valve 8| to permit air from the crank case to pass through the passage 22a to the carburetor 23a or other vaporizer.

There is thus described an apparatus to obtain sufficient quantity of air required for-complete combustion in the combustion chamber of any cylinder, at the same time insuring proper lubricationof the parts and utilization of the vapors,

gasses or fumes from the. crank case which are forced in the carburetor or other vaporizing de-'- vice to bring about more beneficial mixture, which is eventually forced into the cylinder to provide for better combustion and hence greater economy of operation.

.It will be understood that the device shown in Fig. 3 may also be provided with any suitable means for injecting a spray of lubrication into the crank case in synchronization with the operation of the engine. Furthermore, although the air intake and air outlet valves are shown to .be operated mechanically as in Fig. land automatically asinEigB, they may also be op i ted electrically or magnetically by use of suitable well known electrical or magnetic valves.

It will thus be seen that there is provided a device in which the several objects of this invention are achieved and which is well adapted to meet the conditions of practical use.

As various possible embodiments might be made of the above invention, and as various changes might be made in the embodiment above set forth, it is to be understood that all matter herein set forth or shown in the accompanying drawings is to be interpreted as illustrative and not in a limiting sense.

Having thus described my invention, I claim. as new and desire to protect by Letters Patent 01' the United States:

1. An internal combustion engine comprising a cylinder, a crank case extending from the cylinder, a piston within the cylinder, a crank shaft in the crank case, means to connect the crank shaft to the piston, means to take air into the crank case during the upstroke of the piston, a vaporizing device, means to pass air compressed from the crank case to the vaporizing device during the downstroke of the piston, and means to spray lubricating oil into the crank case in synchronization with the operation of the piston.

2. An internal combustion engine comprising an engine body provided with a cylinder and a crank case extending therefrom, an air inlet opening formed in the crank case, a passage connected to said air inlet opening, an air filter connected to said passage, a carburetor, means to connect the outlet end of the carburetor to the head of the engine, an outlet opening in the crank case, a passage interconnecting said outlet opening in the crank case with the inlet end of the carburetor, valves controlling the air inlet and air outlet openings of the crank case, and means controlled by the crank shaft to open the crank case air inlet valve on the upstroke of the piston, means to close the crank case air outlet valve during said upstroke of the piston, means on the crank shaft to open the crank case air outlet valve on the downstroke of the piston, and means to close the crank case air inlet valve during said down stroke of the piston.

3. An internal combustion engine comprising an engine body provided with a cylinder and a crank case extending therefrom, an air inlet opening formed in the crank case, a passage connected to said air inlet opening, an air filter connected to said passage, a carburetor, means to connect the outlet end of the carburetor to the head of the engine, an outlet opening in the crank case, a passage interconnecting said outlet opening in the crank case with the inlet end of the carburetor, valves controlling the air inlet and air outlet openings of the crank case, and means controlled by the crank shaft to open the crank case air inlet valve on the upstroke of the piston, means to close the crank case air outlet valve during said upstroke of the piston, means on the crank shaft to open the crank case air outlet valve on the downstroke of the piston, and means to close the crank case air inlet valve during said down stroke of the piston, an oil pump, means connected to the oil pump for spraying oil to the inside of the crank case, and means controlled by the crank shaft to operate the oil pump.

4. An internal combustion engine comprising a cylinder, a crank case extending therefrom, a crank shaft and a crank case, a piston and a cylinder, means to connect the crank shaft with the piston, a cam mounted for rotation on the crank shaft, said crank case being provided with an air inlet opening, an air inlet valve controlling said opening, said crank case being further provided with an air outlet opening, a vaporizing device, means to connect the outlet opening to the inlet end of the vaporizing device, means to connect the outlet end of the vaporizing device to the head of the cylinder, an outlet valve controlling said outlet opening, said valves having enlarged heads at their inner ends within the crank case adapted to be alternately engaged by said cam.

5. An internal combustion engine comprising a cylinder, a crank case extending therefrom, a crank shaft and a crank case, a piston and a cylinder, means to connect the crank shaft with the piston, a cam mounted for rotation on the crank shaft, said crank case being provided with an air inlet opening, an air inlet valve controlling said opening, said crank case being further provided with an air outlet opening, a vaporiz ing device, means to connect the outlet opening to the inlet end of the vaporizing device, means to connect the outlet end of the vaporizing device to the head of the cylinder, an outlet valve controlling said outlet opening, said valves having enlarged heads at their inner ends within the crank case adapted to be alternately engaged by said cam, and means controlled by said cam to spray lubricating oil into said crank case.

REFERENCES CITED The following references are of record in the file of this patent:

UNITED STATES PATENTS Number Name Date 1,015,466 Adams et al. Jan. 23, 1912 1,020,774 Nilson Mar. 19, 1912 1,184,158 Beard May 23, 1916 1,346,123 Guerrlich July 13, 1920 1,411,343 Gore Apr. 4, 1922 2,222,731 Wallgren Nov. 26, 1940 FOREIGN PATENTS Number Country Date 133,085 Great Britain Oct. 9, 1919 

